Historians learn about the past life, or the people from the past, by following the historical method. Any genuine historian has to use this method to unlock the secrets from the past, because if you don't the object/artifact that you discoverd may be fake {someone could have easily planted it there.} The historical method includes five steps which as a historian you need to follow. First step is to gather all the sources, including the primary sources, as well as the secondary sources {they both will help you.} Second step is to categorize the sources, if its a writen source {this may include letters, speeches, diaries etc.} or an nonwriten source {which would be an arifacts, tombs, monuments etc.} Third step is to evaluate their sources, ask themselves the five W's {who, what, where, when, why.} Fourth step is to interpret their information/findings if it looks real or if it is old, to which culture or group of people did it belong, so on. And the 5th and last step is to share their findings/theories to there colleagues, and other historians. As you can see being a historians is tough, but if you know where to look and follow these rules you'll end up finding something valuble you just shouldn't give up.
One thing thats confusing about the historical method is that its not really a method used to figure out if an object/artifact is a sham or not {although you can use it that way.}But it's a method used to figure out if your theory was right
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